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Next: Call-by-reference parameters
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In Lesson 21 all function parameters were input-only parameters and thus were implemented as call-by value parameters. The only method used to return information to the calling program was by the function returning a single value. Frequently it is necessary to write functions that return more than one value. For example a function that took a sum of money in pence might have to return the equivalent sum in pounds and pence.
To allow information to be returned to the calling program C++ allows information to be returned by parameters. As explained in Lesson 21 this cannot be done by the use of call-by-value parameters. To allow a parameter to return a value it must be declared to be a call-by-reference parameter.